2019 32023 #4 (67)
 
 
The Theme:
 
Migration and ethnosocial processes in the regions of Siberia and the Russian Far East
 
 
 
 

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From the editors of the heading
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Vinokurova A. V., Ardalyanova A. Yu.
Foreign Migration in the Russian Far East: Main Trends

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The paper examines the main aspects characterizing the dynamics of foreign migration in the constituent entities of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and its development trends. Issues related to the problems of "fxing" foreign migrants in the Far East for permanent residence are also covered. The empirical basis of the study consisted of regional statistics, secondary sociological analysis, the results of our own observations and interviews. It was found that the infux of foreign migrants to the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District to some extent mitigates the unfavorable trends characteristic of most Far Eastern regions: depopulation, aging and a decline in the working age population. At the same time, foreign migrants in the Far East are, frst of all, a source of replenishment of labor, rather than demographic resources. For the most part, migrants are focused on earning money and its subsequent use in their country. Therefore, the study of the behavioral strategies of foreign migrants in the Far East requires further deepening and expansion, including regarding the problems that make it difcult for them to "fx" them for permanent residence in the Far Eastern regions.
Breslavsky A. S.
Population Dynamics of "Urban Agglomerations" of the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation and its Types in the 1990s – 2010s

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The author analyzes and divides into four types the results of demographic development of 14 urban agglomerations in 11 regions of the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation over the past 30 years. It is shown that, against a general negative background, there was total population growth just in 3 out of 14 agglomerations (and not the largest ones - Blagoveshchensk, Ulan-Ude and Yakutsk agglomerations), while in the other 11 population decreased. Despite the intensive housing construction in the suburban areas of most regional capitals in the south of the Far East in recent decades, not all these territories were able to repopulate after the demographic crisis of the 1990s.

 
Tinikova E. E.
Social infrastructure of towns in Khakassia – factor of population migration?

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The article is devoted to the problem of dependence of the migration turnover of urban settlements and residents’ migration attitudes on thedevelopment level of social infrastructure of the republic. The focus of attention is on two groups of settlements: the administrative center of Khakassia and single-industry towns. The author proceeds from the fact that the formation and development of branches of urban social infrastructure has its own set of characteristic featuresin each of these groups. The research is based on the data of ofcial municipal and regional statistics, as well as the results of sociological surveys of the population. Surveys, aimed among other things at studying satisfaction with the quality of life, were conducted among residents of urban settlements of Khakassia in 2018.
 
Yakovlev A. I.
Yakutsk townspeople everyday life and traditional culture revitalization

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The paper describes sociocultural processes in Yakutia, which show the development of the ethnic self-awareness of the Sakha people. The main attention is focused on identifying markers that represent ethnocultural elements in the everyday culture of townspeople and villagers. As reference points in the study of this issue, we selected murals (monumental architectural painting), as well as household items, personal belongings and objects surrounding a person in his everyday life. The main goal is to describe the elements of urban space, the interior of city apartments, etc., which play a major role in a person’s ethnocultural self-identification.
 
Round Table  
Maslov A. A., Vladimirova D. A., Loboda O. V., Ivanov S. A., Smirnov S. M., Minenko M. A., Dyshin A. V., Burlakov V. A., Samoilenko P. Yu.
Development of Russian-Chinese Strategic Partnership at the Present Stage in the Context of Xi Jinping's Visit to Russia: Regional Aspect

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Historical Regional Studies  
Ryzhova N. P.
Koryo Saram in Agriculture: 100 Years of Everyday Resistance. Part 2
 
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The second and fnal part of the article is about the practices of Russian Koreans' routine resistance. The author follows the paradigm proposed by J. Scott while rejecting his idea of the coherence of the state. The work demonstrates how informal economic practices of Koryo Saram (gobonji, bazaar trade, production of "Korean salads") were linked to other forms of everyday resistance. The paradoxical "other form," in Soviet times, was shock labor, which was surprisingly combined with the persistent use of traditional Korean land cultivation practices (bureaucrats used the term "Asian mode of production"). The paper is based on archival data, academic and journalist publications on Koryo Saram, and the author's feld data.  
Azarevich V. K.
Vladivostok Fortress in the Early 1920s: From the Fall of White Primorye to Self-Liquidation

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In the article, on the basis of previously unpublished documents of the Russian State Military Archive, the history of the Vladivostok fortress in 1922-1923 is presented. It is shown that contrary to the opinion rooted in the research literature, the liquidation of the Vladivostok fortress was connected not with foreign political events and agreements, but with the changes that followed in the Red Army after the end of the Civil War. The main reasons why the Vladivostok fortress ceased to exist in the frst half of the 1920s were the lack of money to support its further existence and serious changes in the theory and practice of coastal defense caused by the experience of World War I and the introduction of new technologies in military afairs. In the 1920s the very changes in the theory and practice of military afairs took place, which predetermined the use of Vladivostok fortress facilities by the Pacifc Fleet forces in the 1930s - 1950s as for the defense of the city and naval base, so placement of warehouses and communication facilities, taking into account all the changes in military theory.  
Akhmylovskaia L. A.
Saeki Yuzo: art in history and culture context

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Based on the analysis of publications devoted to the history of modernism, the work of the expressionist artist Saeki Yuzo is considered in the context of artistic transformations of the Meiji and Taisho eras. Complementing the research devoted to the mutual infuence of Japanese and European art, the author relies on the memoirs of contemporaries of Saeki Yuzo, catalogues of exhibitions of recent years, materials of International Museum programs.  
Social and Demographic Structures  
Abrosimova E. E., Yagafarova E. U.
Students and Digitalization of Higher Education: A Sociological Analysis

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In this paper, the authors touched on the topic of digital changes in the modern higher education system. The researchers attempted to study students' opinions about the ongoing transformations in the higher education system. During the study, respondents were able to evaluate all the negative and positive aspects of digital transformation from the position of a direct participant in this process. The results presented in this article may update a comprehensive study of the process of transformation of Russian higher education in connection with intensive and large-scale digitalization.
 
Cultural and Ideological Factors of Regionalization  
Podmaskin V. V.
Folk ecological ethics of the Yukagirs in the historical and cultural traditions of the second half of the XIX – the first quarter of the XXI century

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The article deals with the relationship of the Yukagirs with the environment in the Arctic. A system of spiritual and value attitudes for the management of the commercial economy is manifested, the contribution of the ethnic group to the cause of nature protection is determined, a complex of traditionally established preventive measures, signs, prohibitions, and the seasonal economic calendar in the development of the territory of nature management are consecrated. The study showed that on the basis of the dominant rational principles of folk environmental ethics, an original life support system was created, aimed at the development of adaptive human activity in the Arctic. Therefore, the position associated with the understanding of traditional culture as a form of biosocial adaptation of a population to the environment becomes relevant for the issues being developed.
 
Political Relations and Management of the Region  
Udinkan V. A.
Analysis of the development of the suburbs of Khabarovsk

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The article analyzes the specifcs of suburbanization in the phenomenon of cottage construction in Khabarovsk. Based on the data of geographic information systems and the cartographic method, a classifcation of suburbs in the mentioned city was developed. The external features of the suburbs are highlighted, and the accessibility of cottage settlements to social infrastructure facilities is analyzed. The results allow us to evaluate the features and prospects for the development of cottage settlements in the cities of the Russian Far East.
 
World System and International Regions  
Verholomov S. A.
The architecture of regional security in East Asia

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East Asia is one of the rapidly developing regions, which is catching up with the leading countries and regions of the world in terms of development. Foreign and domestic researchers believe that the East Asian region will become the center of world development in the future. At the same time, the likelihood of a direct clash between the countries in the struggle for leadership increases. In order to protect their own interests and peace, East Asian States participate in various security systems. The purpose of the article is to analyze the regional security systems that have developed on the territory of East Asia today. The author, while working on the report, used Russian and foreign historiographical sources, described the architecture of East Asia regional security, characterized the infuence of various international actors on the fate of East Asia. The article will be of interest to both specialists and all those who are interested in the history of East Asia, international relations and world history.
 
Gubin A. V.
Influence of minilateral security cooperative formats on international affairs in East Asia

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After the Second World War Pacifc Asia didn’t demonstrate stable collective security organization, like NATO in Europe. Despite of polarization of the regional international relations system, there are still a few chances to form efective multilateral block here. The USA are focused on containing China and thus tend to shape fexible minilateral cooperative formats, where common values and interests are also were elaborated. Nevertheless, all Washington’s partners prefer to act under their own specifc logic. The present article sets goal to assess efectiveness of the existing mechanisms with the acute accent on Japan’s and South Korea’s interests as the major U.S. allies in the Pacifc. The practical interest also lays in examining the ability to have systemic afection on international relations in East Asia, which was uncovered by completing research’s tasks. Author concludes that the USA would inevitably continue implementing strategy based on fexible minilateral security cooperation schemes aimed to prevent any centralized power within the Indo-Pacifc. Nevertheless, Washington seems to avoid from direct military clash with its potential rival (China, Russia, DPRK), intensively engaging allies’ capacity and resources.
 
Kiseleva A. S.
Transformation of Australian migration policy during the COVID-19 pandemic

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This study highlights the transformation of Australia's migration policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research focuses on factors that infuence policy changes, including challenges in government policy in the feld of immigration regulation, economic aspects, and social consequences. The author analyzes the socio-cultural and economic consequences of these changes, bringing out their short-term and long-term consequences. The data obtained contribute to a deeper understanding of policy responses to the crisis and the formation of future strategies in the feld of migration management and public health.
 
Study of Science  
Litoshenko D. A.
Academic capitalism and university bureaucracy (world experience, domestic realities, regional specifics). Part 2
 
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The article focuses on the relationship between academic capitalism as a conceptual model and the university bureaucracy, which actively engages this conceptual model as a source of justifcation and justifcation of its set of intrasystemic functional practices. The university bureaucracy acts as a carrier and user of academic capitalism as an ideology. The second part of the article is devoted to the study of the formation of modern Russian academic bureaucracy, social and intellectual origins, various aspects of functionality, concretization of intellectual nature and many other features and characteristics of "academic capitalism", as well as ways and techniques to overcome some of its negative manifestations.  
Reviews  
Tinikova E. E.
Terra incognita in Russian Urbanism, subject to comprehension

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The reviewed book is devoted to the analysis of the little-studied phenomenon of the "private sector" of the Russian city. The absolute advantage of the monograph is the formulation of the problem of relevance of existing approaches in urbanism, based on the description of the specifcs of the domestic city without taking into account a signifcant part of it both in area and the number of people living in it. The authors were able to convincingly show the process of transformation of the Soviet private sector into something new in the architectural landscape and the organization of local communities in it, which requires further close study and refection on the source base of other regions of the country.